As summer winds down and the temperatures begin to cool, Cleveland gardeners have a unique opportunity to extend their growing season by planting root vegetables in the fall. The cooler weather and shorter days create ideal conditions for many root crops, allowing them to develop deep, flavorful harvests. If you’re in USDA Hardiness Zone 6, which includes Cleveland, Ohio, you can still enjoy a productive garden by planting certain root vegetables in early fall. This guide will walk you through the best options for fall planting, along with tips on how to achieve a successful harvest.
Why Fall is Ideal for Root Vegetables
Fall offers several advantages for growing root vegetables. The cooler temperatures reduce stress on plants, which can lead to better-tasting crops. Additionally, many root vegetables develop more sweetness as the temperature drops, making fall-grown produce particularly flavorful. The key to success is choosing the right vegetables and planting them at the optimal time to allow for proper growth before winter sets in.
Best Root Vegetables for Fall Planting in Zone 6
Carrots
Carrots are an excellent choice for fall planting. They thrive in cool weather and can be left in the ground until you’re ready to harvest them, as they become sweeter after a frost.
- Varieties to Try: ‘Napoli,’ ‘Danvers Half Long,’ and ‘Mokum.’
- Planting Tips: Sow carrot seeds directly into well-prepared soil in early September. Keep the soil moist until the seeds germinate, which can take up to two weeks. Thin the seedlings to about 2-3 inches apart to give the roots room to grow.
Beets
Beets are another root vegetable that performs well when planted in the fall. Both the roots and the greens are edible, offering a double harvest.
- Varieties to Try: ‘Detroit Dark Red,’ ‘Golden,’ and ‘Chioggia.’
- Planting Tips: Sow beet seeds directly into the ground in late August to early September. Space seeds about 1-2 inches apart and thin the seedlings to 3-4 inches apart. Beets prefer slightly acidic soil with a pH of 6.0 to 7.5.
Radishes
Radishes are fast-growing and can be ready to harvest in as little as 30 days, making them perfect for a fall garden.
- Varieties to Try: ‘Cherry Belle,’ ‘French Breakfast,’ and ‘Daikon.’
- Planting Tips: Sow radish seeds directly into the soil in early September. Plant seeds about 1/2 inch deep and 1 inch apart. For continuous harvest, plant a new batch every two weeks. Radishes do best in loose, well-drained soil.
Turnips
Turnips are hardy root vegetables that are well-suited for fall planting. They can be harvested for both their roots and greens.
- Varieties to Try: ‘Purple Top White Globe,’ ‘Golden Ball,’ and ‘Hakurei.’
- Planting Tips: Sow turnip seeds directly into the soil from late August to early September. Space seeds about 1 inch apart and thin seedlings to 4-6 inches apart. Turnips prefer full sun and slightly acidic soil.
Parsnips
Parsnips require a longer growing season, but they develop a sweet, nutty flavor after exposure to frost, making them a rewarding fall crop.
- Varieties to Try: ‘Hollow Crown,’ ‘Gladiator,’ and ‘Lancer.’
- Planting Tips: Sow parsnip seeds in late August. Plant seeds about 1/2 inch deep and 2 inches apart, thinning seedlings to 4-6 inches apart. Parsnips prefer deep, loose soil, so make sure to remove any rocks or debris that could impede root growth.
Tips for a Successful Fall Harvest
Soil Preparation
Start with well-prepared soil to give your root vegetables the best chance to thrive. Loosen the soil to a depth of at least 12 inches and mix in compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage. Root vegetables prefer slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 6.0-7.0), so test your soil and amend it if necessary.
Planting Timing
Timing is crucial when planting fall crops. The goal is to have your vegetables mature before the first hard frost, which typically occurs in late October to early November in Zone 6. Check the seed packet for the “days to maturity” and count backward from your expected first frost date to determine the best planting time.
Watering
Consistent moisture is key to developing healthy root vegetables. Water regularly to keep the soil evenly moist, especially during dry spells. However, avoid overwatering, as waterlogged soil can lead to rot.
Mulching
Apply a layer of mulch around your plants to help retain soil moisture, suppress weeds, and protect the roots from early frosts. Organic mulch, such as straw or shredded leaves, works well and will also add nutrients to the soil as it decomposes.
Frost Protection
In Zone 6, frost can arrive suddenly. Be prepared to protect your crops with row covers or cold frames if an early frost is forecasted. These protective measures can extend your growing season by several weeks, allowing more time for your vegetables to mature.
Harvesting
Root vegetables are often at their best after a light frost, which enhances their sweetness. Carrots, beets, and parsnips can be left in the ground until you’re ready to use them, as long as the ground doesn’t freeze solid. Radishes and turnips should be harvested as soon as they reach their mature size to prevent them from becoming woody or overly spicy.
Storage
Once harvested, root vegetables should be stored in a cool, dark place. Carrots, beets, and parsnips can be stored in sand or sawdust in a root cellar or basement. Turnips and radishes are best stored in the refrigerator, where they can last for several weeks.
Fall is a fantastic time to grow root vegetables in Cleveland, Ohio, and other areas within USDA Hardiness Zone 6. With the right planning and care, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of carrots, beets, radishes, turnips, and parsnips well into the cooler months. By choosing the right varieties, planting at the optimal time, and following these tips for soil preparation, watering, and frost protection, you’ll set yourself up for a successful fall garden.
